Receipts
Citations & Sources.
Every statistic on this site is sourced from peer-reviewed research, public health bodies, or government publications. Click any link to read the original.
Home Page
- [1]→ Indian Heart Rhythm Society / PubMed Central — Sudden Cardiac Death in India — https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10353589/
Less than 2% of Indians know CPR.
- [2]→ Estimated SCD burden, India — PubMed Central — https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10353589/
In India, ~3 sudden cardiac deaths happen every ~10 minutes (≈428,000 SCD/year).
The Problem — Global Scale
- [3]→ American Heart Association — CPR Facts & Stats — https://cpr.heart.org/en/resources/cpr-facts-and-stats
Cardiac arrest claims more lives than colorectal, breast, prostate cancer, flu, pneumonia, auto accidents, HIV, firearms and house fires combined.
- [4]→ PubMed Central — SCD epidemiology, India — https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10353589/
≈428,000 estimated sudden cardiac deaths per year in India.
- [5]→ American Heart Association Heart & Stroke Statistics — https://professional.heart.org/en/science-news/2024-heart-disease-and-stroke-statistics
~356,000 out-of-hospital cardiac arrests in the US annually.
- [6]→ AHA / Resuscitation journal global OHCA review — https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/CIR.0000000000001052
Worldwide OHCA survival is ~10% and has stagnated for 20 years.
- [7]→ American Heart Association — CPR Facts — https://cpr.heart.org/en/resources/cpr-facts-and-stats
~88% of cardiac arrests happen at home.
The Problem — The India Gap
- [8]→ PubMed Central — Bystander CPR awareness, India — https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9483773/
India's bystander CPR rate sits at ~1.3%.
- [9]→ Danish Cardiac Arrest Registry / Circulation — https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.027980
Denmark bystander CPR rate: 80.6%.
- [10]→ Global Resuscitation Alliance / Resuscitation journal — https://www.resuscitationjournal.com/
Sweden 51.1%, Stockholm 48%, United States 41.7% bystander CPR.
- [11]→ PubMed Central — CPR awareness among Indian youth — https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9483773/
~73% of urban Indian youth couldn't identify the correct chain of survival.
- [12]→ PubMed Central — Rural Bangalore CPR awareness study — https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6080167/
92.9% of rural adults in Bangalore had never heard of CPR.
- [13]→ Indian Heart Journal — Young Indian SCA trends — https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/indian-heart-journal
1 in 5 cardiac arrests in India strike people under 40.
- [14]→ PubMed Central — Willingness & attitudes toward CPR, India — https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9483773/
87% of Indian youth willing to help; 94% believe CPR should be taught; 95% support mandatory school training.
The Solution
- [15]→ PubMed Central — School-based BLS training, India — https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8970402/
Rural school study: 0% knew BLS → 93% understood CPR after one session.
- [16]→ AIIMS School CPR Programme / PubMed Central — https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8970402/
AIIMS trained 4,500+ students from grades 6–12 across 15 schools.
- [17]→ PRS Legislative Research — Private Member Bill — https://prsindia.org/billtrack
Lok Sabha bill (2022) proposed mandatory CPR training in Indian schools.
- [18]→ PubMed Central — School CPR programme analysis — https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8970402/
CBSE school resuscitation programme makes students lifesavers for 9–10 decades.
- [19]→ Indian Resuscitation Council Federation — https://ircf.org.in/
India targets 30% population trained in CPR; current <2%.
- [20]→ AHA Resuscitation Outcomes Consortium — https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/CIR.0000000000000916
Bystander-witnessed arrests: 16% survival vs 4.5% otherwise (≈3× higher).
- [21]→ American Heart Association — CPR Facts — https://cpr.heart.org/en/resources/cpr-facts-and-stats
AHA estimates 100,000–200,000 lives could be saved each year with early CPR.
- [22]→ AHA Get With The Guidelines — Resuscitation registry — https://www.heart.org/en/professional/quality-improvement/get-with-the-guidelines/get-with-the-guidelines-resuscitation
Survival to discharge: 13% with CPR vs 7.6% without.
Chain of Survival
- [23]→ Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Govt. of India — https://www.mohfw.gov.in/
India national ambulance helpline: 102.
- [24]→ American Heart Association 2020 Guidelines — https://cpr.heart.org/en/resuscitation-science/cpr-and-ecc-guidelines
High-quality CPR rate: 100–120 compressions per minute.
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